【五代十国·词的产生与发展（1）】 

苹叶软，杏花明，画船轻。双浴鸳鸯出绿汀，棹歌声。

春水无风无浪，春天半雨半晴。红粉相随南浦晚，几含情。

——词《春光好·苹叶软》/五代·和凝

五代十国是词的重要发展时期。词人和凝（898年—955年）的词写出了春游的艳丽明快，让人难以忘怀。 

词是一种诗的别体，始于南梁，形成于唐代，五代十国后开始兴盛，至宋代达到顶峰。她是中国古典文学中的一个重要的体裁。

The Generation and Development of Ci Poetry (1) 

The apple leaves are soft and the apricot flowers are bright while the painting boat rowing quietly in the river. The double bathing mandarin ducks get out of the green land riverside, with singing from boatman. 

There is no wind or waves upon the spring water, there is half rain and half sunny in the sky of spring. A girl follow me to Nanpu in the evening, with more love in her eyes.

 ——Ci poetry title Chung Guanghao, Apple Leaf Soft / by He Nin,the Five Dynasty.

 The Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms were an important period of development of Ci poetry.He Nin（898—955）,the famous Ci writer described the gorgeous of his spring outing travel, which was unforgettable. 

Ci is a different poetry, the prototype began in the Southern Liang Dynasty, formed in the Tang Dynasty, and flourished after the Five Dynasties and Ten Kingdoms, and reached its peak in the Song Dynasty. She is an important genre in classical Chinese literature.  【五代十国·词的产生与发展（2）】

“词有定格，句有定数，字有定声”，词有上述自身的特点。词牌是词的标志。在文学史上，词以其特有的抑扬顿挫的音乐美、错综变化的韵律、长短参差的句法以及所抒发的浓烈深挚的感情，成为一种深受人们喜爱的文学体裁。

到了宋代，词进入到全盛时期。随后，在元、明时代衰落了三百多年后，词在清代重新进入发展状态。

The Generation and Development of Ci Poetry (2)

"The type has fixed metre, the sentence has fixed number, the word has fixed sound", the Ci poetry has its own characteristics as said above. The tunes of Ci name is the sign of the Ci poetry. In the history of literature, Ci has a popular literary genre with its unique musical beauty, intricate rhythm, syntax of varying length and short, and the strong and deep feelings expressed. 

In the Song Dynasty, Ci entered its heyday. Subsequently, after more than three hundred years of decline in the Yuan and Ming dynasties, Ci entered a state of development afresh in the Qing Dynasty.  【五代十国·词的产生与发展（3）】

词最初称为"曲词"或"曲子词"，别称有近体乐府、长短句、曲子、曲词、乐章、琴趣、诗余，用以配音乐吟唱。

据《旧唐书》记载：“自开元(唐玄宗年号)以来，歌者杂用胡夷里巷之曲”。由于音乐的广泛流传，当时的都市里有很多以演唱为生的优伶乐师。根据唱词和音乐节拍配合的需要，创作或改编出一些长短句参差的曲词，这便是最早的词了。

The Generation and Development of Ci Poetry ( 3)

Ci was originally called "Qu Ci" or "Musical poetry".They also known as recent Yuefu poetry, long and short sentences, music poetry, lyrics，which was used to match music singing.

According to the Biography of Old Book of the Tang Dynasty, "Since the Kaiyuan period (the reign title of Emperor Xuanzong of the Tang Dynasty), the singers had miscellaneously used the foreign musics and folk musics to sing ". Due to the widespread of music, there were many musicians in the city who made a living by singing at that time. According to the need of the lyrics and the musical beat,some uneven long and short sentences of the lyrics were created or adapted, which became the earliest Ci poetry.